随机增量法

#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int n;
double r;

struct point {
  double x, y;
} p[100005], o;

inline double sqr(double x) { return x * x; }

inline double dis(point a, point b) {
  return sqrt(sqr(a.x - b.x) + sqr(a.y - b.y));
}

inline bool cmp(double a, double b) { return fabs(a - b) < 1e-8; }

point geto(point a, point b, point c) {
  double a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2;
  point ans;
  a1 = 2 * (b.x - a.x), b1 = 2 * (b.y - a.y),
  c1 = sqr(b.x) - sqr(a.x) + sqr(b.y) - sqr(a.y);
  a2 = 2 * (c.x - a.x), b2 = 2 * (c.y - a.y),
  c2 = sqr(c.x) - sqr(a.x) + sqr(c.y) - sqr(a.y);
  if (cmp(a1, 0)) {
    ans.y = c1 / b1;
    ans.x = (c2 - ans.y * b2) / a2;
  } else if (cmp(b1, 0)) {
    ans.x = c1 / a1;
    ans.y = (c2 - ans.x * a2) / b2;
  } else {
    ans.x = (c2 * b1 - c1 * b2) / (a2 * b1 - a1 * b2);
    ans.y = (c2 * a1 - c1 * a2) / (b2 * a1 - b1 * a2);
  }
  return ans;
}

int main() {
  scanf("%d", &n);
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%lf%lf", &p[i].x, &p[i].y);
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) swap(p[rand() % n + 1], p[rand() % n + 1]);
  o = p[1];
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
    if (dis(o, p[i]) < r || cmp(dis(o, p[i]), r)) continue;
    o.x = (p[i].x + p[1].x) / 2;
    o.y = (p[i].y + p[1].y) / 2;
    r = dis(p[i], p[1]) / 2;
    for (int j = 2; j < i; j++) {
      if (dis(o, p[j]) < r || cmp(dis(o, p[j]), r)) continue;
      o.x = (p[i].x + p[j].x) / 2;
      o.y = (p[i].y + p[j].y) / 2;
      r = dis(p[i], p[j]) / 2;
      for (int k = 1; k < j; k++) {
        if (dis(o, p[k]) < r || cmp(dis(o, p[k]), r)) continue;
        o = geto(p[i], p[j], p[k]);
        r = dis(o, p[i]);
      }
    }
  }
  printf("%.10lf\n%.10lf %.10lf", r, o.x, o.y);
  return 0;
}